A social, political and economic arrangement in which landed property and other natural resources are collectively owned is referred to as

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks for the system in which land and natural resources are collectively owned and which covers social, political and economic life.

Step 2: Explain the concepts

• Federalism: a system of government in which power is shared between a central government and component units (e.g., Nigeria's federal and state governments). It says nothing about land ownership.
• Liberalism: a political philosophy that stresses individual freedom, private property and limited government. This is the opposite of collective ownership.
• Communalism: a system in which land and natural resources belong to the whole community or group rather than to individuals. It is common in traditional African societies, where the family, clan or village held the land, and individuals had only the right to use it.
• Feudalism: a system in which land is owned by lords or kings, who grant it to vassals in exchange for loyalty and service. Ownership is in the hands of a few, not the community.

Step 3: Apply to the question The key phrase is "collectively owned." Only communalism fits this. Feudalism concentrates land in the hands of a ruling class, liberalism favors private ownership, and federalism concerns the structure of government.

Step 4: Answer The correct option is C. Communalism.

Tip: Link the words: Communalism → Community → collective ownership. For feudalism, think "feud/fief" → lords owning land and vassals working it.