Which is NOT a hindrance to fundamental human rights?

Analyze the question: The question asks which option is NOT a hindrance (obstacle or limitation) to fundamental human rights. Four options are limits on rights, and one is itself a right.

Concept: Fundamental human rights in Nigeria are in Chapter IV of the 1999 Constitution. They include the right to life, dignity, personal liberty, fair hearing, freedom of expression, freedom of movement, and others. Hindrances (limitations) include:

• Laws that restrict rights, such as libel and sedition laws
• Emergency powers
• Weak or slow judicial processes
• Political systems that suppress opposition

Step-by-step evaluation:

• A. Existence of one party system: This is a hindrance. It limits freedom of association and political participation.
• B. Individual is restricted by law of libel: This is a hindrance. Libel law limits freedom of expression, even though it protects others' reputations.
• C. Restrictions during the time of emergency: This is a hindrance. Governments can suspend or limit some rights during emergencies.
• D. Right to freedom of movement: This is not a hindrance. It is itself a fundamental human right (Section 41 of the 1999 Constitution), so it cannot be a limit on rights.
• E. Slow dispensation of justice: This is a hindrance. "Justice delayed is justice denied," and it undermines the right to fair hearing.

Answer: D. Right to freedom of movement is a right itself, not an obstacle to rights.

Exam tip: In "which is NOT" questions, look for the option that differs in kind from the rest. Here, four options describe restrictions or problems, while one describes a right. Always read the stem carefully, since "NOT" flips the question.