Which situation in a democratic state can create an environment where military intervention is perceived as…

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks which situation in a democracy can make military intervention (a coup) look like the only way to restore order, protect people, or address grievances. The key phrases are "restore order" and "only option." These point to a breakdown of the political system itself.

Step 2: Explain the concept Military intervention in politics usually happens when civilian institutions (the executive, legislature, judiciary, and political parties) fail to work. In Nigeria, the coups of 1966 and 1983 followed election disputes, violence, and political deadlock. The military then justified its takeover as a way to "save the nation" from chaos.

Step 3: Evaluate the options

• A. Boycott of elections: This is a form of political protest. It can weaken legitimacy, but it is only one symptom and does not by itself create a breakdown of order.
• B. Economic crises: These cause hardship and unrest, but they are mainly economic. The military usually cites them as a secondary reason.
• C. Political crises: These include disputed elections, deadlock between arms of government, widespread violence, and a loss of confidence in leaders. They directly threaten law and order and the functioning of the state, so they create the strongest environment for the military to say it must step in.
• D. Youth unemployment: This is a social and economic problem. It breeds frustration, but it is a long-term issue and not an immediate trigger for intervention.

Step 4: Answer Political crises are the most direct cause of a situation where the military claims it must restore order and protect the population.

Correct option: C. political crises

Exam tip: When a question mentions "restore order" or "the only option" in the context of a government, look for the answer that describes a failure of political institutions. Words like political, constitutional, or institutional often point to the right choice in Government questions on coups.