The institution through which leaders exercise power to make and enforce laws is the

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks for the institution through which leaders exercise power to make and enforce laws. Two key functions are named: law-making (legislative) and law enforcement (executive).

Step 2: Explain the concept In Government, the term "government" refers to the institution or machinery of the state through which authority is exercised. It is made up of three arms:

• Legislature: makes laws
• Executive: implements and enforces laws
• Judiciary: interprets laws and settles disputes

So the body that covers both making and enforcing laws is the government as a whole.

Step 3: Evaluate the options

• A. Government: Correct. It is the agency through which the state's power is exercised, including making and enforcing laws.
• B. Judiciary: Incorrect. It is only one arm of government. It interprets laws and does not make them.
• C. Political party: Incorrect. Parties seek to win political power and form a government, but they are not the institution that makes and enforces laws.
• D. Security agency: Incorrect. Agencies such as the police and army help enforce laws, but they do not make them.

Step 4: Answer The correct option is **A.

Exam tip: When a question mentions both making and enforcing laws, look for the option that covers more than one arm of government. Judiciary, security agencies, and parties each cover only a narrow part. "Government" is the broad term that includes legislature and executive functions.