The following issues are some of the challenges the United Nations (UN) addresses except

1. Analyze the question You are asked to find the issue the UN does NOT address. Three options are real UN concerns, and one is not.

2. Explain the concept The UN works on global peace, security, development, and welfare. Its main areas include:

• Peace and security (peacekeeping, conflict resolution)
• Human rights (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Human Rights Council)
• Humanitarian assistance (UNHCR, WFP, UNICEF)
• Climate change (UNFCCC, the Paris Agreement, COP conferences)
• Sustainable development, health (WHO), and education (UNESCO)

3. Step-by-step solution

• B. Humanitarian aids: The UN addresses this through agencies like WFP, UNHCR, and UNICEF. It is a UN challenge.
• C. Human rights: The UN addresses this through the UDHR and the Human Rights Council. It is a UN challenge.
• D. Climate change: The UN addresses this through the UNFCCC and COP summits. It is a UN challenge.
• A. Oligarchical regimes: An oligarchy is a form of government where a small group rules. The UN respects the sovereignty of member states (Article 2(7) of the Charter, non-interference in domestic affairs). It does not treat a state's type of government, whether oligarchy, monarchy, or otherwise, as a challenge to tackle. It only acts when such regimes threaten international peace or commit grave human rights abuses, and then the issue falls under peace or human rights, not "oligarchy" itself.

4. Answer The answer is A. oligarchical regimes.

5. Exam tip For "except" questions, tick off the options you know are UN functions: peace, rights, aid, environment, health. The leftover option that is about a state's internal system of government is usually the answer. Remember that the UN is built on the sovereign equality of states.