Which of the following constitutional provisions gives a high degree of autonomy to component parts of a unitary state?

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks which constitutional provision gives a high degree of autonomy to the component parts (regions, local units) within a unitary state. In a unitary state, power is centralized, but the central government can still share some power with lower units.

Step 2: Explain the concepts

• Devolution: The central government constitutionally transfers (devolves) some powers to regional or local governments, giving them considerable autonomy. Examples: Scotland and Wales in the UK, which is a unitary state.
• Delegation: Powers are lent to subordinate bodies or officials. The central authority keeps control and can withdraw them easily, so autonomy is limited.
• Divestiture: Means giving up or selling off assets or ownership. It is commonly used in privatization, not in power-sharing.
• Declaration: A formal announcement or statement (such as a declaration of independence). It is not a way of sharing power.

Step 3: Apply to the question Only devolution gives component units a high degree of autonomy while the state remains unitary. Delegation gives only limited, revocable authority.

Step 4: Answer The correct option is A. Devolution.

Tip: Remember "Devolution = Decentralized power in a unitary state," while "Delegation = Depends on the boss," because the central authority can take the power back. In federalism, by contrast, the term to think of is "division of powers."