Which of the following is not a method used by pressure groups to achieve their objectives?

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks which option is NOT a method pressure groups use. So we are looking for the odd one out.

Step 2: Understand the concept A pressure group is an organized body of people who share common interests and try to influence government policies and decisions without seeking to take control of government themselves. This is the key difference between pressure groups and political parties.

• Pressure groups: influence government from outside (e.g., NLC, ASUU, NMA, Market Women's Association).
• Political parties: contest elections to win power and form government.

Step 3: Examine each option

• A. Employing lobbyists: Lobbying means persuading lawmakers and officials to support the group's cause. This is a standard pressure group method.
• B. Embarking on demonstrations: Marches and protests draw public and government attention. This is a valid method.
• C. Embarking on strikes and boycotts: Labour unions such as NLC and ASUU use strikes to force government action. This is a valid method.
• D. Contesting for political positions: Fielding candidates in elections to win power is the function of political parties, not pressure groups. This is not a pressure group method.

Step 4: Answer The correct option is D. Contesting for political positions.

Tip: Remember "Pressure groups press from outside; parties pursue power." If an option involves contesting elections or forming government, it belongs to political parties. Methods like lobbying, strikes, demonstrations, petitions, and press campaigns belong to pressure groups.