The appointment and deposition of chiefs by their people was a demand of the

Analyzing the question: This asks which early nationalist organisation demanded that chiefs be appointed and removed (enthroned and destooled) by their own people, not by the colonial government.

Concept: The National Congress of British West Africa (NCBWA) was founded in 1920 by J. E. Casely Hayford of the Gold Coast, together with leaders from Nigeria, Sierra Leone and The Gambia. It was the first major platform that brought West African nationalists together to press for reforms in British colonies.

Its main demands included:

• Elected (not just nominated) African representation in the legislative councils
• Respect for the traditional institution of chieftaincy, with chiefs appointed and deposed by their people, free from colonial interference
• Establishment of a West African university
• Freedom of the press
• Removal of racial discrimination in the civil service
• Self-government in the long run

Eliminating the other options:

• A. Pan African Movements: These focused on the unity, dignity and freedom of Black people worldwide, not on chieftaincy matters.
• C. West African Students' Union (WASU): Founded in London in 1925 by Ladipo Solanke, it concentrated on student welfare, cultural pride and anti-colonial ideas.
• D. West African Youth League: Founded by H. O. Davies and Wallace-Johnson in the 1930s, it was radical and focused on labour, youth and political mobilisation.

Answer: The demand that chiefs be appointed and deposed by their own people was part of the NCBWA's programme, so the answer is B.

Exam tip: Link the NCBWA with "1920, Casely Hayford, elected representation, chieftaincy, and a West African university." Whenever a question mentions the earliest regional, elite-led demands in British West Africa, think NCBWA.