An institution of government that makes bye-laws is the

1. Analyze the question The question asks which institution of government makes bye-laws. The key word is "bye-laws."

2. Explain the concept A bye-law (or by-law) is a rule made by a local body, such as a local government council, town council, or municipal authority. It applies only within that area. It is different from an Act or law, which the national legislature (National Assembly) makes for the whole country.

3. Work through the options

• A. Judiciary: interprets laws and settles disputes. It does not make bye-laws.
• B. Executive: implements and enforces laws. It does not make bye-laws.
• C. Legislature: makes laws for the nation (Acts) or for a state (State House of Assembly laws). These are not called bye-laws.
• D. Local authorities: local government councils make bye-laws on things like markets, sanitation, motor parks, street trading, and the registration of births and deaths. This is correct.

4. Answer The correct option is D, local authorities.

Note that a local government council has a legislative arm (the councillors) that actually passes bye-laws. The question asks for the institution, so "local authorities" fits best.

5. Exam tip Link the word "bye-law" with "local". Remember: Acts → National Assembly; Laws → State Assembly; Bye-laws → Local Government.