A political system in which a few rule is known as

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks for the term for a political system where a few people hold power.

Step 2: Explain the concept The word "oligarchy" comes from the Greek oligos (few) and arkhein (to rule). So, oligarchy literally means "rule by the few."

Step 3: Examine each option

• A. Monarch: This is a single ruler, such as a king or queen. The system is called a monarchy, and it is rule by one person, not a few.
• B. Technocracy: This is rule by technical experts or specialists, such as economists and engineers, chosen for their expertise. It is not defined simply as rule by a few.
• C. Oligarchy: This is rule by a small group, often based on wealth, military power, family, or social status. It matches the question.
• D. Gerontocracy: This is rule by elders, where age is the basis of authority. It is a specific type of rule, though it is not the general term for rule by the few.

Step 4: Identify the answer The general term for a political system in which a few rule is oligarchy, so the answer is C.

Exam Tip: Learn the Greek prefixes in government terms:

• Mono/Mon- = one → Monarchy (rule by one)
• Olig- = few → Oligarchy (rule by few)
• Demo- = people → Democracy (rule by the people)
• Geron- = old man → Gerontocracy (rule by elders)

Remember: "Olig" = "a Little group" rules.