All these are the responsibilities of a Prime Minister EXCEPT

Step 1: Analyze the question We need the option that is NOT a responsibility or feature of a Prime Minister. In a parliamentary system, you must know what a PM does and what he does not do.

Step 2: The concept In a parliamentary system (e.g., the UK, or Nigeria's First Republic), power is divided between two offices:

• Head of State: a ceremonial figure (a monarch, Governor-General, or titular President). In Nigeria's First Republic, this was Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe.
• Head of Government: the Prime Minister, who runs the day-to-day government (in the First Republic, Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa).

This separation of the two roles is a defining feature of the parliamentary system. By contrast, in a presidential system, the President is both head of state and head of government.

Step 3: Check each option

• A. Can dismiss any minister in his cabinet: True. The PM appoints and dismisses ministers.
• B. Has executive power: True. The PM leads the executive arm of government.
• C. Head of government and head of state: False. The PM is only the head of government. The head of state is a separate, usually ceremonial, office.
• D. Head of the ruling party: True. The PM is usually the leader of the party or coalition with a majority in parliament.
• E. Power to reshuffle cabinet: True. The PM can reassign ministers to different portfolios.

Step 4: Answer The option that is NOT a responsibility of a Prime Minister is C, because the PM holds only the position of head of government, not head of state.

Tip: Remember that "Prime Minister = Head of Government only". If an option says someone is both head of state and head of government, think presidential system (e.g., the Nigerian President today), not a PM.