Primus inter pares’ is a term usually used to qualify the

Step 1: Analyze the question "Primus inter pares" is a Latin phrase meaning "first among equals." The question asks which office-holder this phrase describes.

Step 2: Explain the concept The phrase describes a leader who holds the highest rank in a group but has no more formal power than the other members. This is the position of the Prime Minister in a parliamentary system (such as the UK).

• The Prime Minister heads the Cabinet, but the ministers are his or her colleagues.
• Cabinet decisions are made collectively (collective responsibility).
• The Prime Minister chairs meetings and leads the government, but is still one member of the Cabinet.

By contrast:

• President (B): In a presidential system, the President is the sole executive. Ministers are only his appointees and advisers, so he is not "first among equals."
• Queen of England (D): She is a hereditary monarch and ceremonial head of state, so she is not "equal" to others.
• Senate President (E): He presides over the Senate, and his role could loosely be compared to a first among equals, but the phrase is classically tied to the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.
• Electorate (A): This is the body of voters, not a single leader.

Step 3: Identify the answer The phrase classically applies to the Prime Minister, who is the first among equals in the Cabinet.

Answer: C. Prime minister

Exam tip: Link the phrases to the offices:

• Primus inter pares → Prime Minister (both start with "P").
• Sole executive → President.
• Reigns but does not rule → Monarch.