‘Jamiyyar Mutanen Arewa', which is a cultural organization, metamorphosed into a political party called

Analyze the question: The question asks which political party grew out of "Jamiyyar Mutanen Arewa", a Hausa phrase meaning "Association of the Northern People" (or "Northern Peoples' Association"). The organization was a cultural group, and the party it became is what we need.

Concept: Nigerian nationalist politics in the 1940s and 1950s saw cultural and social groups turn into political parties. Examples:

• Egbe Omo Oduduwa (Yoruba cultural group) became the Action Group (AG).
• Jamiyyar Mutanen Arewa (Northern cultural group, formed in 1948 in Zaria) became the Northern People's Congress (NPC).
• The Igbo State Union supported the NCNC.

Step-by-step solution:

1. Jamiyyar Mutanen Arewa was founded in 1948 as a cultural and social organization in Northern Nigeria. Its leaders included Abubakar Tafawa Balewa and Sir Ahmadu Bello (the Sardauna of Sokoto).
2. In 1951, as constitutional changes (the Macpherson Constitution) required political representation, it was converted into a political party.
3. It was named the Northern People's Congress (NPC), which dominated Northern politics and later led the federal government at independence in 1960.

Eliminating the others:

• A. Borno Youth Movement: a separate regional group that later allied with NEPU, not the successor of Jamiyyar.
• B. NEPU: formed by Aminu Kano and others as a radical opposition to the NPC.
• D. PRP: a Second Republic party (1978) and an offshoot of the NEPU tradition.
• E. UMBC: a Middle Belt party led by Joseph Tarka.

Answer: C. Northern People's Congress

Exam tip: Remember the pairing "Egbe Omo Oduduwa → AG" and "Jamiyyar Mutanen Arewa → NPC". Cultural group-to-party pairings are a favourite in Government exams.