Which of the following is a process of military disengagement from Nigerian politics?

1. Analyze the question The question asks which option is a process of military disengagement from politics. In other words, it asks how the military withdraws from governing and hands power to civilians (the transition to civil rule).

2. Explain the concept Military disengagement (also called military disengagement or "disengagement from politics") means the armed forces stop holding political power and return to the barracks to focus on their constitutional role of defending the country. Nigeria has experienced this several times, for example in 1979 (Obasanjo to Shagari), 1999 (Abubakar to Obasanjo), and in the failed 1993 transition. The key steps usually include:

• Setting a timetable for the handover
• Lifting bans on political parties
• Drawing up a constitution
• Conducting free and fair elections so that elected civilians take over
• Swearing in the civilian government

3. Step-by-step solution

• A. Increase in military budget: This is about funding the military. It does not remove soldiers from politics.
• B. Conduct of free and fair elections: This is the main mechanism by which power passes from the military to elected civilians. ✔
• C. Appointment of Army officers into political posts: This is the opposite of disengagement. It is military involvement in politics.
• D. Strengthening the Army: This concerns military capacity. It does not mean the military is leaving politics.

4. Answer The correct option is B. conduct of free and fair elections.

5. Exam tip For "disengagement" questions, think of handover to civilians: elections, transition programmes, and return to the barracks. Options that talk about giving soldiers more money, power, or political posts are usually distractors that describe military involvement.