One important consequence of the location of Nigeria between latitudes 41 and 14" North of the equator is that

Analyze the question

Nigeria lies roughly between latitudes 4°N and 14°N (the "41" in the question is a typo for 4°). The question asks what follows from that location, which is close to the equator and within the tropics.

Concept

Nigeria's position in the tropics means it gets high temperatures all year because the sun's rays are always fairly direct. Rainfall, however, depends on distance from the Atlantic Ocean and on the movement of the tropical maritime (mT) and tropical continental (cT) air masses. Because of this:

• The south (near the coast) gets rain for most or all of the year and has a hot, wet climate (Af/Am type).
• The far north has a long dry season and a short rainy season (Aw to semi-arid).

Testing each option

• A. Northern part enjoys land and sea breezes. Wrong. Land and sea breezes occur along coastal areas, which are in the south. The north is far from the sea.
• B. All parts receive rainfall throughout the year. Wrong. The north has a long dry season, with the harmattan, and gets little or no rain for several months.
• C. All parts have luxuriant vegetation. Wrong. The north has savanna and Sahel-type vegetation, which is sparse and not luxuriant.
• D. Some parts enjoy a hot, wet tropical climate throughout the year. Correct. The southern coastal areas, such as the Niger Delta and the southeast, are hot and wet almost all year round because they are close to the equator and the ocean.

Answer: D

Exam tip: Watch for absolute words like "all" and "throughout" in options. They usually make a statement false, because Nigeria's climate varies from south to north. The qualifier "some parts" in option D is what makes it correct.