Which of the following Countries is a permanent member Of the Security Council of United Nations?

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks which country is a permanent member of the UN Security Council.

Step 2: The concept The UN Security Council has 15 members: 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent (elected for two-year terms). The five permanent members (the "P5") hold veto power. They are the main victors of World War II:

• United States
• United Kingdom
• France
• Russia (took over the Soviet Union's seat)
• China

Step 3: Check each option

• A. Canada: not permanent. It is only elected occasionally as a non-permanent member.
• B. China: permanent member.
• C. Holland (the Netherlands): not permanent.
• D. Japan: not permanent. It often serves as a non-permanent member and seeks a permanent seat, but does not hold one.
• E. Portugal: not permanent.

Step 4: Answer The correct option is B. China.

Tip: Remember the P5 with the phrase "CRUFS", or just list them as China, Russia, UK, France, US. Any country that is not on this list, such as Japan, Germany, India, Brazil, or Nigeria, is not a permanent member. Nigeria, like other African countries, has repeatedly called for a permanent seat but does not have one yet.