The establishment of ECOMOG was done in response to a crisis in

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks which country's crisis led to the creation of ECOMOG (the ECOWAS Monitoring Group).

Step 2: Explain the concept ECOMOG is a West African peacekeeping force set up by ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States). It was created in 1990 to help restore peace and order where a civil conflict threatened regional stability.

Step 3: Work through the facts

• In December 1989, Charles Taylor's National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) launched a rebellion against President Samuel Doe's government.
• The war spread quickly, causing mass killings, refugee flows into neighbouring countries, and the collapse of order in Monrovia.
• In August 1990, ECOWAS set up its Standing Mediation Committee, which deployed ECOMOG to Liberia to enforce a ceasefire and restore order.
• ECOMOG later intervened in Sierra Leone (1997–98) and Guinea-Bissau (1998–99). Those were later deployments, not the original reason for its creation.

Step 4: Eliminate the options

• A. Benin Republic: no ECOMOG creation crisis there.
• B. Gambia: ECOWAS acted much later (2017) with a different mission, ECOMIG.
• C. Ghana: no such crisis.
• D. Liberia: the original reason ECOMOG was established.
• E. Sierra Leone: ECOMOG intervened later, but it was not the reason for its establishment.

Correct answer: D. Liberia

Exam tip: Remember "ECOMOG was born in Liberia (1990)" and "later went to Sierra Leone and Guinea-Bissau." If the question says "established in response to," pick the first crisis, which is Liberia. If it says "also intervened in," then think of Sierra Leone.