Which of the following is a liver disease?

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks which option is a disease of the liver. The key is to recognise the medical word roots.

Step 2: Explain the concept Many disease names come from Greek roots:

• Hepat- means liver
• Nephr- means kidney
• -itis means inflammation

Step 3: Go through the options

• A. Diuresis: increased production of urine. This is a kidney or urinary process, not a liver disease.
• B. Dropsy: an old term for swelling caused by fluid buildup (now called oedema). It is a symptom, not a specific liver disease.
• C. Hepatitis: inflammation of the liver (hepat- = liver, -itis = inflammation). It is usually caused by viruses (Hepatitis A, B, C), alcohol, or toxins.
• D. Nephritis: inflammation of the kidney (nephr- = kidney).
• E. Oedema: abnormal accumulation of fluid in body tissues. It is a symptom and can have many causes.

Step 4: Answer The liver disease is hepatitis, which is option C.

Tip: Link the word roots to organs: Hepatitis = Hepatic = liver, and Nephritis = Nephron = kidney. Remembering these prefixes helps you answer many biology and health science questions quickly.