OGIVE is constructed using

Analysis

The question asks for the statistical tool or data representation used to construct an Ogive. An Ogive is a graphical representation of data that shows the running total of frequencies.

Concept Explanation

In statistics, when we deal with grouped data, we often need to visualize how the data accumulates as we move from the lowest class interval to the highest.

1. Frequency Table: Lists the frequency of each individual class.
2. Cumulative Frequency Table: This is created by adding the frequency of a current class to the sum of the frequencies of all previous classes.
3. Ogive (Cumulative Frequency Curve): This is a graph plotted by using the upper class boundaries on the horizontal axis (x-axis) and the cumulative frequencies on the vertical axis (y-axis). Because it relies entirely on the cumulative frequency values to show the "build-up" of data, the cumulative frequency table is the essential foundation for its construction.

Step-by-Step Solution

• Step 1: To draw an Ogive, you must first calculate the cumulative frequency for each class interval.
• Step 2: You plot the points $(x, y)$ where $x$ is the upper class boundary and $y$ is the corresponding cumulative frequency.
• Step 3: Connecting these points with a smooth curve or straight lines results in the Ogive.
• Step 4: Comparing this process to the options provided, it is clear that the Cumulative frequency table is the required data set.

Conclusion

Options A, B, and D refer to measures of dispersion or specific statistical ranges, which are calculated from data but are not the tools used to construct the graph itself. The Ogive is specifically the graphical representation of a cumulative frequency distribution.

Exam Tip

Whenever you see the word "Ogive" in a JAMB or WASSCE question, immediately associate it with "Cumulative Frequency." If the question asks what an Ogive is used to find, remember it is the best tool for estimating the Median, Quartiles, and Percentiles of a distribution!