Which of the following is a limitation of pressure groups?

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks for a limitation of pressure groups, meaning a weakness or drawback in how they operate or affect society.

Step 2: Concept Pressure groups are organized groups that try to influence government policy without seeking political office. Examples in Nigeria include NLC (Nigeria Labour Congress), NBA (Nigerian Bar Association), ASUU, and NANS.

Their typical limitations are:

• They focus on sectional (narrow) interests rather than the national interest.
• They may lack funds or legitimacy.
• Their influence depends on their size, resources and the government's attitude.
• Some can cause disruption (strikes, protests) that inconvenience the public.

Step 3: Evaluate each option

• A. They only represent the interests of the wealthy. False. Pressure groups represent many interests, including workers (NLC), students (NANS) and professionals. Many are not wealthy at all.
• B. They have no influence on government policies. False. Influencing policy is their main purpose, and they often succeed (e.g. NLC negotiations on minimum wage and fuel subsidy).
• C. They may prioritize their own interests over the public interest. True. Pressure groups are formed to advance the interests of their members, so they can push sectional demands that conflict with the wider public good.
• D. They often resort to violent tactics. Not generally true. Most use lawful methods such as lobbying, petitions, strikes, media campaigns and negotiations. Violence is an exception, not the norm, and "often" overstates it.

Step 4: Answer

Tip: In "limitation" questions on pressure groups, look for keywords like sectional interest, selfish, or narrow focus. Be wary of absolute words in options like "only," "no," and "often," because they are usually wrong.