Which of the following was the last to win independence from colonial rule ?

Analyze the question: We need the country that became independent latest among the four options.

Key facts (independence dates):

• Cote d'Ivoire – 7 August 1960 (from France)
• Algeria – 5 July 1962 (from France, after the Algerian War)
• Tanzania – Tanganyika became independent on 9 December 1961, and joined with Zanzibar (independent December 1963) to form Tanzania in 1964
• Angola – 11 November 1975 (from Portugal, after the Carnation Revolution in Portugal and a long liberation war)

Step-by-step comparison:

1. 1960: Cote d'Ivoire
2. 1961 (Tanganyika) / 1963-64 (Zanzibar/Tanzania): Tanzania
3. 1962: Algeria
4. 1975: Angola

Angola is clearly the latest.

Why Angola was late: Portugal, under the Estado Novo dictatorship, refused to give up its African colonies, unlike Britain and France, which granted independence mostly in the 1950s-60s. Angola's independence only came after the 1974 coup in Portugal. This is the key concept: Portuguese colonies (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau) gained independence in the mid-1970s.

Answer: D. Angola

Exam tip: Remember the pattern: British and French colonies → 1950s-60s; Portuguese colonies → 1974-75; Zimbabwe → 1980; Namibia → 1990; South Africa (majority rule) → 1994. When you see Angola or Mozambique among the options in an "last to gain independence" question, it is usually the answer.