For this question, choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase in italics His book was one of those that galvanized democracy

Analyze the question: The word in italics is galvanized, and we need the option that is opposite in meaning (an antonym).

Explain the concept: To galvanize means to shock or excite someone into action, or to stimulate and energize something. In the sentence, "His book galvanized democracy" means the book energized, boosted, or spurred democracy on.

Solution, option by option:

• A. stimulated means the same as galvanized (a synonym), so it is wrong.
• B. encouraged is also close in meaning (a synonym), so it is wrong.
• C. dissauded is a misspelling of dissuaded, which means to persuade someone not to do something, or to discourage. This is the opposite of galvanizing or spurring into action.
• D. promoted means to advance or support something, so it is a synonym and wrong.

Three options (A, B, D) share the same meaning as the italicized word. Only one option goes the other way, and that is the antonym we want.

Answer: The correct option is C (dissuaded). Note that the spelling in the question is a typo; the real word is "dissuaded."

Tip: In antonym questions, first group the options. If three of them are synonyms of the given word, the odd one out is almost always the answer. Also remember that the prefix dis- often signals a negative or reversing meaning (dissuade, discourage, disapprove).