Succession that occurs on an abandoned farm land is?

Analyze the question: It asks what type of ecological succession happens on abandoned farmland.

Explain the concept: Ecological succession is the gradual replacement of one community of organisms by another over time. There are two main types:

• Primary succession starts on bare surfaces where no soil exists, such as bare rock, lava flows, or newly exposed sand. Pioneer species like lichens and mosses must first build soil.
• Secondary succession starts in an area where a community previously existed and was disturbed or removed, but the soil is still intact. It contains nutrients, seeds, and roots. Examples include abandoned farmland, burnt forests, and cleared land.

The climax community is the final stable stage of succession, not a type of succession. "Tertiary succession" is not a standard type.

Solve:

1. Farmland already has soil, with seeds and nutrients in it.
2. When it is abandoned, plants such as grasses and weeds quickly regrow, followed by shrubs and then trees.
3. Because soil is already present, this is secondary succession.
4. It is not primary (soil is not absent), not tertiary (not a recognized type), and not climax (that is an end stage).

Answer: B. secondary

Tip: Think "Secondary = Soil Still there." Primary starts from nothing (bare rock), while secondary starts after a disturbance, such as farming, fire, or flooding.