ALL the following agricultural practices are intensive farming techniques except

Step 1: Analyze the question We need the option that is NOT an intensive farming technique.

Step 2: Key concept Intensive farming means getting high yields from a small piece of land using heavy inputs of labour, capital, fertilizer, and good management. Land is used continuously and repeatedly.

Extensive farming uses large areas of land with low inputs per unit area, so yields per hectare are low. Shifting cultivation and land rotation (bush fallowing) are typical examples.

Step 3: Check each option

• A. Land rotation: The farmer moves from one plot to another and leaves the old plot fallow for several years to regain fertility. This needs a lot of land and gives low yields per hectare, so it is extensive, not intensive.
• B. Crop rotation: Different crops are grown in turn on the same piece of land to maintain fertility. This is intensive because the same land is used continuously.
• C. Mixed farming: Crops and livestock are raised on the same farm, with manure feeding the crops. This is intensive.
• D. Market gardening: Vegetables, fruits, and flowers are grown on small plots with high inputs. This is intensive.

Step 4: Answer Land rotation is the odd one out. It is a form of shifting or fallow-based farming, which is extensive.

Exam tip: Remember "Rotation of the land" means moving around, so it needs a lot of land and is extensive. "Rotation of the crops" happens on the same land, so it is intensive. Whenever you see "except," find the one that stands out from the group.