shadow — choose the word that has the same consonant sound(s) as the on represented by the letter(s)…

Question analysis: The underlined letters aren't shown, but the word is "shadow". The consonant sound in question is almost certainly the "sh" in shadow, which is /ʃ/.

Concept: In English phonetics, the digraph "sh" represents the voiceless palato-alveolar fricative /ʃ/, as in ship, fish and shadow. Look for the option whose underlined part gives the same sound.

Checking each option:

• A. treasure has the "s" sound /ʒ/ (as in measure). It is voiced and is not the same as /ʃ/.
• B. century has "c" as /s/ (cen-), so it is not /ʃ/.
• C. miner has "m", "n" and "r" sounds, with no /ʃ/.
• D. trash ends with "sh" /ʃ/, the same sound as in shadow.

Answer: D. trash

Tip: Don't confuse /ʃ/ (as in shoe) with /ʒ/ (as in treasure, vision). Say the words aloud. /ʃ/ is voiceless, so your throat doesn't vibrate, while /ʒ/ is voiced, so you feel a buzz. Also, "sh" almost always gives /ʃ/.