The dog was run … by a careless driver.

Analyze the question: The sentence is "The dog was run ........ by a careless driver." We need the word that forms the correct phrasal verb with "run" in the passive voice.

Explain the concept: The phrasal verb "run over" means to knock someone or something down with a vehicle and drive over them. Phrasal verbs are fixed combinations, so the preposition or particle must be the idiomatic one.

• run under: not used with this meaning
• run upon: means to come across something unexpectedly (archaic, e.g., "run upon an old friend"), not to hit with a vehicle
• run across: means to meet or find by chance (e.g., "I ran across my old teacher at the market"). It is not used for being hit by a car.
• run over: means to hit with a vehicle and pass over

Step-by-step solution:

1. The sentence says a careless driver was involved, so the dog was struck by a vehicle.
2. The phrasal verb for this meaning is "run over."
3. Passive form: "The dog was run over by a careless driver."

Answer: D. over

Tip: Remember "run over" = knocked down by a vehicle, "run across" = meet by chance, and "run into" = collide with or meet unexpectedly. In WASSCE and JAMB Lexis and Structure questions, learn common phrasal verbs as whole units rather than word by word.