The following statements are correct except

Analyze the question: This is an "except" question. Three statements are true and one is false. We need to find the false one.

Concept: This tests the kinetic theory of matter. In solids, particles are closely packed in fixed positions with strong forces between them. In liquids, particles are close but can move past one another. In gases, particles are far apart and move rapidly and randomly.

Checking each option:

• A. Energy is released when liquids change to solids. TRUE. Freezing (solidification) is exothermic. Particles lose kinetic energy and form stronger attractions, so heat is given out (the heat of fusion is released).

• B. Carbon atoms in gaseous methane are further apart than those in solid diamond. TRUE. Gases have particles widely separated. Diamond is a giant covalent network in which the carbon atoms are tightly bonded. So the carbon atoms in methane gas are farther apart.

• C. There is a large decrease in the volume of a solid metal when pressure is applied to it. FALSE. Solids are almost incompressible because their particles are already tightly packed with very little space between them. Applying pressure causes only a negligible change in volume.

• D. Particles move faster in the gaseous state than in the liquid state. TRUE. Gas particles have higher kinetic energy and move faster than liquid particles at their respective temperatures.

Answer: The statement that is NOT correct is C.

Tip: For "except" questions, test each option and look for the odd one out. Remember: solids are practically incompressible, liquids are slightly compressible, and gases are highly compressible.