A consequences of global warming is

1. Analyze the question The question asks which of the options is a consequence of global warming. Global warming is the gradual rise in Earth's average temperature, caused mainly by greenhouse gases such as CO₂, CH₄ and water vapour trapping heat in the atmosphere.

2. Explain the concept When the Earth warms:

• Polar ice caps and glaciers melt.
• Ocean water expands as it heats up (thermal expansion).
• Sea levels rise, which leads to flooding of coastal and low-lying areas such as Lagos, the Niger Delta and other coastal communities.
• Weather patterns change, with more intense rainfall and storms, which also cause flooding.

3. Evaluate the options

• A. Air pollution: This is mostly a cause of global warming (emissions of CO₂, CH₄, CFCs), not a direct consequence.
• B. Flooding: This is a direct effect of melting ice and rising sea levels. ✔
• C. Increased humidity: Warmer air can hold more moisture, so humidity can rise. However, this is a minor atmospheric change rather than the standard "consequence" listed in textbooks and exam answers.
• D. Water pollution: This is caused by waste, oil spills and chemicals, not directly by global warming.

4. Answer The best answer is B. Flooding.

5. Exam tip Remember the chain: greenhouse gases → global warming → ice melts → sea level rises → flooding. Other typical consequences to know are droughts, desertification, extreme weather and loss of habitats. In WASSCE, if an option is a cause of global warming (such as air pollution), it is usually not the right answer to a "consequence" question.