WAEC 2013 Chemistry · Question 18

The gas law which describes the relationship between volume and temperature is

Options

  1. A.Boyle's law
  2. B.Charles' law
  3. C.Dalton's law
  4. D.Graham's law

Answer: B. Charles' law

Explanation written with AI and checked against the answer key

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks which gas law links volume and temperature.

Step 2: Review each law

  • Boyle's law: relates pressure and volume at constant temperature (P ∝ 1/V, so PV = constant).
  • Charles' law: relates volume and temperature at constant pressure (V ∝ T, so V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂).
  • Dalton's law: the total pressure of a gas mixture equals the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
  • Graham's law: the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its density (or molar mass).

Step 3: Identify the match Charles' law states that, at constant pressure, the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (in Kelvin).

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

For example, if a gas has a volume of 2 dm³ at 300 K and is heated to 600 K at constant pressure, its volume doubles to 4 dm³.

Step 4: Answer The correct option is **B.

Tip: Remember the pairings:

  • Boyle → Pressure and volume (both are "pressure-volume" law)
  • Charles → Temperature and volume (think "Charles keeps it Cool or hot, changing size")

Also, always convert °C to Kelvin (K = °C + 273) before using Charles' law. This is a common place where marks are lost in WASSCE calculations.

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