The following factors affect the solubility of a solid in a given solvent except

Step 1: Analyze the question We are asked which factor does NOT affect the solubility of a solid in a solvent.

Step 2: The concept Solubility depends on:

• Nature of solute: "Like dissolves like." Ionic or polar solids dissolve in polar solvents, such as NaCl in water.
• Nature of solvent: Water dissolves ionic compounds well, but kerosene does not.
• Temperature: The solubility of most solids increases as temperature rises. For example, more sugar dissolves in hot water than in cold water.
• Pressure: Pressure strongly affects the solubility of gases in liquids (Henry's law). For solids and liquids, the effect is negligible because they are almost incompressible.

Step 3: Apply to each option

• A. Nature of solute affects solubility, so it is not the answer.
• B. Nature of solvent affects solubility, so it is not the answer.
• C. Pressure has practically no effect on the solubility of a solid, so this is the exception.
• D. Temperature affects solubility, so it is not the answer.

Step 4: Answer The correct option is C. pressure.

Exam tip: Remember "Pressure is for gases." If a question asks about the solubility of a solid, think of temperature, solute and solvent. If it asks about a gas, pressure matters too (higher pressure means more gas dissolves, as in a fizzy drink).