Special modification which enable an organism to survive in its habitat is known as.

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks for the term describing special modifications (in structure, function, or behaviour) that help an organism survive in its habitat.

Step 2: Explain the concept Adaptation is any structural, physiological, or behavioural feature that enables an organism to survive and reproduce successfully in its particular environment.

Examples:

• Structural: the long legs and neck of a camel, the thick waxy cuticle of cactus leaves
• Physiological: a camel's ability to conserve water
• Behavioural: birds migrating, lizards basking in the sun

Step 3: Check each option

• A. Adaptation: Correct. It is the general term for features that fit an organism to its habitat.
• B. Tolerance: This is the ability of an organism to withstand a range of environmental conditions (such as temperature or salinity). It is not a "special modification."
• C. Mimicry: This is a specific type of adaptation in which one organism resembles another (or its surroundings) for protection, as in a harmless butterfly resembling a poisonous one. It is too narrow.
• D. Colouration: This is also only one kind of adaptation (camouflage, warning colours). It is too narrow as well.

Step 4: Answer The general term for special modifications that enable an organism to survive in its habitat is adaptation, which is option A.

Exam tip: When a question uses general wording like "special modification" or "survive in its habitat," pick the broad term (adaptation). Mimicry and colouration are just examples of adaptation. Remember: "Adapt to survive."