Vaccination results in

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks what vaccination results in, that is, what it does inside the body.

Step 2: The concept A vaccine contains a weakened or killed germ (or part of it, or an inactivated toxin). When it is introduced into the body:

• The immune system recognizes the foreign antigens.
• Lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) produce antibodies against them.
• Memory cells remain, so if the real germ or toxin enters later, the body responds quickly and strongly. This is artificial active immunity.

Step 3: Evaluate each option

• A. Red blood cells carrying more oxygen: Wrong. This relates to haemoglobin and has nothing to do with vaccines.
• B. Production of antibodies which destroy toxins of germs: Correct. Vaccination stimulates antibody production, and antibodies neutralize germs and their toxins (antitoxins).
• C. Arresting excessive bleeding: Wrong. This is blood clotting, which involves platelets and fibrinogen.
• D. White blood cells which engulf and digest bacteria: This describes phagocytosis, a general (non-specific) defence. It is not the specific result of vaccination, which is antibody production and immune memory.

Step 4: Answer The best answer is B.

Tip: Link the words: Vaccine → Antibodies → Immunity. If an option mentions antibodies, it is usually the answer to a vaccination question. Phagocytosis is the "eating" of germs, while antibodies are the "targeted weapons" a vaccine trains the body to make.