An electric motor primary converts

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks what energy conversion takes place in an electric motor (the word "primary" here means "primarily").

Step 2: Explain the concept An electric motor works on the motor effect. When a current-carrying conductor (a coil) is placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a force. This force turns the coil, so the motor rotates.

• Input: electrical energy (current from a battery or mains supply)
• Output: mechanical (kinetic) energy, which is the rotation of the shaft

A small amount of energy is also lost as heat because of the resistance of the wires and friction. This is a side effect and not the main purpose of the motor.

Step 3: Check each option

• A. Electrical to chemical: This is what happens when you charge a battery or during electrolysis. It is not a motor.
• B. Electrical to heat: This is what a heater or electric iron does. In a motor it is only an unwanted loss.
• C. Electrical to mechanical: This is correct. It is the main function of a motor.
• D. Mechanical to electrical: This is a generator or dynamo, which is the reverse of a motor.
• E. Mechanical to light: This is not a standard energy conversion for a motor.

Step 4: Answer The electric motor primarily converts electrical energy to mechanical energy, which is option C.

Exam tip: Remember the pair "Motor = Moves" and "Generator = Gives electricity".

• Motor: electrical → mechanical
• Generator: mechanical → electrical