Evidence of organic evolution can be deduced from all the following EXCEPT

Analyze the question: We need the one option that is NOT a source of evidence for organic evolution.

Concept: Evidence for organic evolution comes from several branches of biology:

• Comparative anatomy: homologous structures (e.g., the forelimbs of humans, bats, and whales) point to common ancestry.
• Embryology: embryos of different vertebrates look alike in early stages, suggesting a common origin.
• Fossil records: show gradual change in organisms over time (e.g., the evolution of the horse).
• Geographical distribution: the spread of related species across regions (e.g., marsupials in Australia) shows adaptation and divergence.
• Others include comparative biochemistry/physiology and genetics.

Examine each option:

• A. Antecology: this is the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment, essentially the ecology of plant communities (autecology/synecology, i.e., how species interact with their surroundings). It is not a standard line of evidence for evolution.
• B. Comparative anatomy: valid evidence.
• C. Embryology: valid evidence.
• D. Fossil records: valid evidence.
• E. Geographical distribution: valid evidence.

Answer: Option A is the odd one out.

Exam tip: In "EXCEPT" questions, first tick the options you know are valid. Remember the standard evidence list: Fossils, Comparative anatomy, Embryology, Geographical distribution, Biochemistry. Any unfamiliar term that isn't on the list is likely the exception.