JAMB 2025 Literature in English · Question 32

The spatial setting of Senghor's "Black Woman" is

Options

  1. A.Asia
  2. B.Africa
  3. C.India
  4. D.Europe

Answer: B. Africa

Explanation written with AI and checked against the answer key

Analyze the question: "Spatial setting" means the physical place where a poem happens or which it describes. We need the location in Léopold Sédar Senghor's "Black Woman" ("Femme noire").

Explain the concept: In poetry, the setting is often shown through imagery, references to landscape, and cultural symbols. "Black Woman" is an ode to the African woman, who stands for Africa itself, its land, its beauty, and its heritage.

Step-by-step solution:

  1. The poem opens with "Naked woman, black woman / Clothed with your colour which is life..."
  2. The poet uses imagery from the African landscape. He compares the woman's body to the savannah, the "tom-tom" (the drum), the "Promised Land" seen from the heights of a "parched hilltop," and the East wind.
  3. He mentions "the golden flesh," "the oil that soothes," and the "Gazelle" with "ten-strike" and "the Koras" and the "athlete's muscles."
  4. The woman is the symbol of Africa: her beauty, fertility, and strength. The poet, writing while in exile in Europe, longs for his homeland.
  5. Although Senghor wrote it while living in Europe (and so there is a sense of distance), the place the poem describes and celebrates is Africa. Its imagery and its homage are rooted there.

Answer: The spatial setting is Africa, which is option B.

Tip: For the spatial setting, look at the imagery. Savannah, tom-tom, Koras, and gazelles are all African images. Also remember that Senghor was a founder of Négritude, the movement celebrating African identity, so his poems typically celebrate Africa.

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