JAMB 2023 Literature in English · Question 15

This question is based on RAIDER OF THE TREASURE TROVE. "To fly flags of joy" Two figures of speech used here are

Options

  1. A.alliteration and personification
  2. B.onomatopoeia and simile
  3. C.metaphor and alliteration
  4. D.simile and personification

Answer: C. metaphor and alliteration

Explanation written with AI and checked against the answer key

Analyzing the question

The phrase is "To fly flags of joy." We need to find the two figures of speech in it.

Concept

  • Alliteration: repetition of the same initial consonant sound in nearby words.
  • Metaphor: an implicit comparison in which one thing is described as another, without "like" or "as".
  • Personification: giving human qualities to non-human things.
  • Simile: a comparison using "like" or "as".
  • Onomatopoeia: words that imitate sounds.

Working through the phrase

  1. Alliteration: "fly" and "flags" both begin with the /f/ sound, so alliteration is present.
  2. Metaphor: "flags of joy" treats joy as something that can be displayed on flags, as if joy were a banner. This is an implied comparison, so it is a metaphor. Flying flags is a way of showing celebration, and here the poet makes joy itself the thing displayed.
  3. Simile: there is no "like" or "as", so it is not a simile.
  4. Onomatopoeia: there is no sound-imitating word.
  5. Personification: nothing here is given human actions or feelings. The speaker is the one doing the flying, so personification does not fit.

This eliminates A, B, and D. Only option C, metaphor and alliteration, fits.

Answer: C. metaphor and alliteration

Tip: In figure-of-speech questions, eliminate quickly. Check first for "like" or "as" (simile), then for repeated initial sounds (alliteration). Phrases of the form "X of Y" with an abstract noun, such as "flags of joy", often signal metaphor. Alliteration is the easiest to spot, so find it first and use it to narrow down the options.

AI can make mistakes. Report anything that looks wrong.

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