Criticism is a literary activity which seeks to

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks for the general purpose of literary criticism, which is the core aim of the activity.

Step 2: Explain the concept Literary criticism is the study, analysis, interpretation, and evaluation of literary works. A critic does not only point out weaknesses. A critic examines elements such as theme, plot, characterization, language, and style. The critic then judges how well the work succeeds and what it means.

Step 3: Test each option

• A. Find faults in a literary work: This is too narrow. In everyday English, "criticism" often means fault-finding, but in literature it covers both strengths and weaknesses.
• B. Analyze and evaluate a literary work: This is the standard definition. Analysis breaks the work down and explains how it functions. Evaluation judges its quality and value.
• C. Compare and contrast novels: This is only one method a critic may use (comparative criticism). It is limited to novels, while criticism covers poetry, drama, and prose.
• D. Discover the beauty of a literary work: This is too narrow and one-sided. It ignores flaws and the analytical side.

Step 4: Answer Option B best captures the full scope of literary criticism.

Exam tip: In JAMB Literature, when a question asks for the definition or purpose of a broad term like "criticism," choose the option that is wide and balanced (such as "analyze and evaluate"). Avoid options that are one-sided (only faults, only beauty) or limited to one genre.