Which one of the following does not relate to the tone in Diop's Vanity?

Analyze the question: You're asked which option does NOT describe the tone of David Diop's poem "Vanity." Tone is the poet's attitude toward the subject.

Explain the concept: In "Vanity," Diop addresses Africans who have adopted European ways, imitating the colonizer's culture, and who have lost touch with their roots. He points out that those who are "vain" about their "borrowed" status are deceiving themselves, and he contrasts their pride with the suffering of ordinary people and the hollow reward of assimilation.

Examine the options:

• A. Sarcasm: The poem mocks those who boast of their status as assimilated Africans, with a biting, ironic edge. It fits.
• B. Condemnation: Diop clearly criticizes and rebukes the self-satisfied, assimilated elite. It fits.
• D. Concern: Underneath the criticism is real worry for his people and their lost identity. It fits.
• C. Rejuvenation: Rejuvenation means renewal or making young again. The poem does not carry an upbeat tone of renewal; its mood is critical, sarcastic and troubled. It does not fit.

Answer: The tone does not relate to rejuvenation, so the correct option is C.

Tip: For "which does not relate to tone" questions, first decide the overall mood of the poem (here: critical and satirical). Then eliminate words that match that mood and pick the one that points in the opposite direction, which is often a positive or hopeful word like "rejuvenation."