The Casablanca group in the formation of the OAU was known as

1. Analyze the question The question asks what the Casablanca group was called (or characterized as) during the formation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) in 1963.

2. Explain the concept Before the OAU was formed, African leaders split into two main blocs over how quickly and in what way African unity should be achieved:

• Casablanca Group (1961): Led by Kwame Nkrumah (Ghana), with Egypt (Nasser), Guinea (Sekou Toure), Mali (Modibo Keita), Morocco and Algeria. They wanted immediate political union, a continental government, and a strongly anti-colonial, anti-imperialist stance. They were known as the radicals (progressives).

• Monrovia Group (1961): Included Nigeria (Tafawa Balewa), Liberia, Senegal, Ethiopia and many former French colonies. They favoured gradual unity, cooperation among independent states, and respect for sovereignty and non-interference. They were known as the moderates, or conservatives.

3. Solution

• Casablanca group → push for immediate, full political unity → radical
• Monrovia group → gradual, cautious approach → moderate

Matching the options:

• A. Radicalism: matches the Casablanca group
• B. Moderation: describes the Monrovia group
• C. Conservatism: not the standard label for Casablanca
• D. Revolutionalism: not the standard term used in the textbooks

4. Answer The correct option is A. radicalism.

5. Tip Remember: Casablanca = Radical (Nkrumah's bold "United States of Africa" idea), while Monrovia = Moderate. Both "M"s go together, and Casablanca is the opposite one.