The African Union came into existence in 2002 when it replaced the

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks which organisation the African Union (AU) replaced when it was launched in 2002.

Step 2: The concept The AU's predecessor was the Organisation of African Unity (OAU).

• The OAU was founded on 25 May 1963 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, by 32 independent African states. Nigeria was among the founding members.
• Its main aims were to promote African unity and solidarity, end colonialism and apartheid, defend sovereignty, and promote cooperation.
• The AU was launched in Durban, South Africa, in July 2002, after the Sirte Declaration (1999) and the Lomé Constitutive Act (2000).
• The AU's focus is wider than the OAU's: it covers economic integration, peace and security, and good governance, and it has the right to intervene in member states in grave circumstances such as genocide and war crimes.

Step 3: Check the options

• A. African Development Bank: a financial institution founded in 1964. It still exists and was not replaced. ✗
• B. Organisation of African Unity: the direct predecessor of the AU. ✓
• C. Federation of African Unity: no such body existed. ✗
• D. Organisation of African Community: no such body existed. ✗

Step 4: Answer The correct answer is B. Organisation of African Unity.

Exam tip: Remember it as OAU (1963) → AU (2002). Both names contain "African Unity," so if you see "Unity" in an option for a question like this, it is very likely the right one. Also watch for the date pair 1963 and 2002, which JAMB likes to ask about.