Laws made by the local government, public corporations and ministries is a

Analyze the question The question asks for the name given to laws made by local governments, public corporations, and ministries. These bodies don't have full lawmaking power. They make laws only because a higher authority (the constitution or an Act of the legislature) allows them to.

Explain the concept

• Decrees are laws made by a military government, which rules without a legislature.
• Bye-laws (also called by-laws) are rules made by local councils, public corporations, and ministries under powers given to them by a higher law. They are a type of delegated (subordinate) legislation. Examples are a council's rules on market trading, sanitation, or motor parks.
• Public laws govern the relationship between the state and individuals, such as constitutional, criminal, and administrative law. The term does not describe who makes the law.
• Enactments are laws passed by a legislature, such as an Act of the National Assembly or a Law of a State House of Assembly.

Solution

1. Local governments, public corporations, and ministries are not the main legislature.
2. Their laws come from powers delegated to them by the legislature.
3. Laws made this way are called bye-laws.

Answer: B. bye-laws

Exam tip: Think "Bye-laws = Below the legislature." If the lawmaker is local or subordinate, such as a council or corporation, the answer is bye-laws. If the lawmaker is the military, the answer is decrees. If it is the National Assembly or a State House of Assembly, the answer is Acts or enactments.