Formation of political parties in Nigeria is one of the features of

Analyze the question: The question asks which constitution is associated with the formation of political parties in Nigeria.

Concept: Nigeria's colonial constitutions each had distinctive features:

• Clifford Constitution (1922): Introduced the elective principle for the first time. Elections were held in Lagos (3 seats) and Calabar (1 seat), limited to male adults with an income of at least £100 per year. This opened the door to party politics in Nigeria.
• Richards Constitution (1946): Introduced regionalism (North, East, West) and created Regional Houses of Assembly. It brought no major new party activity.
• Macpherson Constitution (1951): Introduced indirect elections and ministerial responsibility. Parties were already in existence by then.
• Lyttleton Constitution (1954): Established the federal system.

Step-by-step solution:

1. The Clifford Constitution of 1922 introduced elections for the first time.
2. Elections required people to organise and contest for seats.
3. This led to the formation of the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) in 1923 by Herbert Macaulay. It was Nigeria's first political party.
4. Later parties, such as the NCNC (1944), came after this, but the first party formation traces back to Clifford's elective principle.

So, among the options, the formation of political parties is a feature of the Clifford Constitution.

Answer: D. Clifford Constitution

Exam tip: Remember "Clifford = Competition". Clifford brought the first elections, and the first party (NNDP, 1923). Also remember: Richards = Regions, Macpherson = Mixed (indirect) elections, Lyttleton = Legally federal.