A major instrument designed to promote the workings of Nigerian federalism is

Analyze the question: The question asks for an instrument designed to promote the workings of Nigerian federalism. Federalism is about sharing power and resources among the federal, state and local governments, and about managing diversity so that no group feels left out.

Explain the concept: Nigeria is a large, diverse country with hundreds of ethnic groups. To make federalism work, the 1979 Constitution introduced the Federal Character Principle, which is now in Section 14(3) and (4) of the 1999 Constitution. It requires that appointments to public offices and the distribution of government positions reflect the linguistic, ethnic, religious and geographical diversity of the country. This promotes national unity, fairness and a sense of belonging. The Federal Character Commission (FCC) was set up to implement and enforce this principle.

Evaluate each option:

• A. Federal Character Commission: It directly promotes equitable representation across the federation, which is a core purpose of Nigerian federalism. ✔
• B. National Judicial Council: It handles the appointment, discipline and welfare of judges. This is about the judiciary, not federalism.
• C. National Assembly Commission: It manages the administration and welfare of the legislature's staff and affairs. It is not a federalism instrument.
• D. National Defence Council: It advises the President on defence and security matters. It is not a federalism instrument.

Exam tip: Whenever you see "federalism," "national unity," "ethnic balance," or "equitable representation" in Nigerian Government questions, think Federal Character. A related term to remember is quota system, which is used for admissions into unity schools and tertiary institutions.