The development of a classless society is the goal of __________

Analyze the question: The question asks which ideology or system aims at a classless society, one with no division between social classes such as owners and workers.

Explain the concept: Let's look at each option.

• Liberalism: Stresses individual freedom, private property, free enterprise and limited government. It accepts class differences as natural in a free market.
• Marxism: Founded on the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It holds that history is a story of class struggle between the bourgeoisie (owners of the means of production) and the proletariat (workers). The proletariat will overthrow capitalism, pass through socialism, and finally reach communism, a classless and stateless society.
• Conservatism: Favours tradition, gradual change and established institutions, including social hierarchy. It does not seek to remove classes.
• Feudalism: An old system built on rigid classes: lords, vassals and serfs. It is the opposite of classless.

Solution:

1. Identify the key phrase: "classless society".
2. Match it to the ideology that says classes are the source of conflict and must be abolished.
3. That ideology is Marxism, since its end goal is a communist society without classes, private ownership of production, or exploitation.

Answer: The correct option is B. Marxism.

Exam tip: Link keywords to ideologies:

• Classless society → Marxism/Communism
• Individual freedom → Liberalism
• Tradition → Conservatism
• Lords and serfs → Feudalism

You're doing well. Keep practising these ideology comparisons, because JAMB repeats them often!