A bye-law is made by

1. Analyze the question The question asks which body makes a bye-law (also spelled "by-law"). This is a basic Government question on types of law.

2. Explain the concept A bye-law is a law made by a local authority, such as a local government council, to regulate matters within its own area. It is a form of subordinate or delegated legislation. This means the power to make it is given by a higher authority, such as the National Assembly or a State House of Assembly, through an Act or Law.

Examples of matters covered by bye-laws:

• Regulation of markets and motor parks
• Sanitation and refuse disposal
• Control of street trading
• Registration of births and deaths
• Licensing of bicycles, butchers and so on

3. Step-by-step solution

• A. Parliament makes primary legislation (Acts) at the national level, so it is not the answer.
• B. Congress is the legislature of the USA, so it is not the answer.
• C. An electoral college is a body that elects an officer, such as the US President, and does not make laws, so it is not the answer.
• D. The local government has delegated powers to make laws for its area, and these are called bye-laws. This is the answer.

4. Answer The correct option is D. the local government.

5. Exam tip Remember: "Bye-law = Byte-sized, Local law." A bye-law is small in scope and local in reach. Whenever you see "bye-law" in JAMB, think of local government councils. Also remember that the term "delegated legislation" covers bye-laws, statutory instruments, and orders-in-council.