Which of these institutions make bye-laws?

Analyze the question: The question asks which institution makes bye-laws. The key is knowing what a bye-law is and who has the power to make it.

Explain the concept: A bye-law (or by-law) is a rule or regulation made by a local authority to govern matters within its own area. Examples include rules on markets, motor parks, street trading, sanitation, and the licensing of local businesses. Bye-laws apply only within that local area and are subordinate to state and federal laws.

Compare this with the other law-making levels in Nigeria:

• National Assembly makes Acts (federal laws).
• State House of Assembly makes Laws (state laws, sometimes called Edicts under military rule).
• Local Government Council makes bye-laws.
• Council of State is only an advisory body to the President. It does not make laws.

Step-by-step solution:

1. Council of State advises the President, so it does not make laws. A is wrong.
2. National Assembly makes Acts for the whole country, not bye-laws. B is wrong.
3. Local Government Council makes bye-laws for its area, which matches the definition. C fits.
4. State House of Assembly makes state laws, not bye-laws. D is wrong.

Answer: C. Local Government Council.

Exam tip: Match the level of government with its type of law:

• Federal gives Acts
• State gives Laws
• Local gives Bye-laws

The word "bye" suggests something small or local, so think "local government."