Under a presidential system of government, the legislature and the executive are

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks how the legislature (National Assembly/Congress) and the executive (President) come into office under a presidential system.

Step 2: Explain the concept A presidential system is built on separation of powers. Its key features are:

• The President is both head of state and head of government.
• The President is elected directly by the people (or through an electoral college), not chosen by the legislature.
• Members of the legislature are elected separately by the people.
• Both the executive and the legislature serve fixed terms. In Nigeria, for example, the President serves 4 years, renewable once, and legislators serve 4 years.
• The legislature cannot easily remove the executive, and the executive cannot dissolve the legislature. This differs from a parliamentary system, where the PM can be removed by a vote of no confidence and parliament can be dissolved.

Step 3: Evaluate the options

• A. Elected separately to an unfixed term: Wrong. Terms in a presidential system are fixed. Unfixed terms are typical of parliamentary systems.
• B. Appointed at the same time to an unfixed term: Wrong. They are elected, not appointed, and their terms are fixed.
• C. Appointed by the judiciary to a fixed term: Wrong. The judiciary does not appoint the President or legislators. Voters elect them.
• D. Elected separately to a fixed term: Correct. The President and legislators are elected in separate contests and serve fixed tenures.

Step 4: Answer

Tip: Remember "Presidential = Separate and Fixed". Separate elections plus fixed terms equals separation of powers. If an option mentions "unfixed term" or "appointed," it is usually pointing to a parliamentary system or something else entirely.