The World Health Organization ....7.... that 1.8 million Ugandans are HIV positive, nearly one in eight of the total population.

Analyze the question: We need the verb that best fits a sentence about the WHO giving a figure for how many Ugandans are HIV positive. The sentence reports a statistic that is calculated from data, not counted exactly.

Explain the concept: This is a question on lexis (word choice) and collocation. Each option has its own meaning:

• Judges: forms an opinion or decides on a matter, usually about people or a case (e.g., "The court judges...").
• Supposes: assumes something is true without proof.
• Proposes: puts forward a plan or suggestion (e.g., "proposes a new law").
• Estimates: calculates an approximate value or number from available data.

Solution:

1. The sentence gives a number: "1.8 million Ugandans."
2. Such a figure for a whole population is not a head count. It is worked out from surveys and samples.
3. "Proposes" does not fit because a number is not a plan or suggestion.
4. "Supposes" and "judges" suggest opinion or guesswork, which is too weak for an organisation like the WHO reporting data.
5. "Estimates" is the standard word used with statistics, as in "The WHO estimates that..."

Sentence: The World Health Organization estimates that 1.8 million Ugandans are HIV positive, nearly one in eight of the total population.

Correct answer: D. Estimates

Tip: When a sentence has a figure or statistic coming from an organisation (WHO, UN, NBS), think "estimates," "reports," or "projects." Words like "proposes" go with plans and ideas, not numbers.