In manufacturing, division of labour may be hindered by

Analyze the question The question asks what can hinder (limit) division of labour in manufacturing. Division of labour means breaking production into specialised tasks, with each worker doing one task.

Explain the concept Division of labour depends on a few conditions:

1. Size of the market. A larger market makes specialisation worthwhile. Adam Smith's famous point is that the division of labour is limited by the extent of the market.
2. Level of technology. Specialisation works best when machines and processes can split production into separate, repeatable stages.
3. Capital and labour availability, and the nature of the product.

Solution: check each option

• A. Excessive demand for the product: High demand widens the market, so it encourages division of labour. It does not hinder it.
• B. Low level of technology: Without machines and modern production methods, production cannot easily be split into specialised stages. Workers stay generalists doing whole tasks by hand, so specialisation is limited. This hinders division of labour.
• C. Excess supply of labour: Plenty of labour makes it easier to assign workers to specialised tasks. It may cause unemployment, but it does not block specialisation.
• D. Increase in the export of goods: Exports enlarge the market, which promotes division of labour.

Answer: B. Low level of technology.

Exam tip: For "factors that limit division of labour," remember "MCT": Market size, Capital, Technology. If an option reduces the market or limits technology, it is likely the answer. Options that enlarge the market, such as high demand or exports, usually encourage specialisation.