The problem of conducting census include

Analyze the question: It asks for a problem of conducting a census, meaning an obstacle to the actual exercise of counting the people. It is not asking about population trends or their effects.

Concept: A census is a complete count of a country's population at a particular time. Common problems in conducting one, especially in Nigeria, include:

• Inadequate funds and trained personnel
• Illiteracy and ignorance, so people don't cooperate
• Political and religious suspicion, since census figures affect resource allocation
• Poor transport and communication, especially in remote areas
• Inaccurate maps and poor settlement or housing records, which make it hard to locate and enumerate households
• Mobility of people, which can lead to double counting or omission

Evaluate the options:

• A. High rate of rural-urban migration: This affects population distribution. People move, but it doesn't directly obstruct the counting exercise.
• B. Poor geographical distribution of population: This is a population characteristic. It is a result that a census reveals, not a problem in conducting one.
• C. High birth rate: This affects population growth, not how the census is carried out.
• D. Poor town planning in urban areas: Unplanned streets, unnumbered houses, and a lack of proper addresses make it hard for enumerators to locate and count households.

Caveat: Option A (migration) can also complicate counting, because people move around and may be missed or counted twice.

Answer: D. Poor town planning in urban areas.

Exam tip: When a question says "problems of conducting" something, think about practical obstacles to the exercise itself: money, manpower, access, records, and cooperation. Don't pick options that describe population trends or effects.